The effect of rhythmic exercises with music on attention and motor development among mentally retarded children

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Faculty of physical activity and sport sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.

2 Faculty of physical activity and sport sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

3 department of of motor behavior, Faculty of physical activity and sport sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.

4 Motor Behavior Department, Physical Education and Sport Science Faculty, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

10.22080/jsmb.2024.18400.3312

Abstract

Objective: Rhythmic movements is a useful tool for learning and practicing of motor skills and can affect cognitive and motor processes. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of rhythmic exercises with music on attention and motor development among mentally retarded children. Methods: For this purpose, a semi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test design with two experimental and control groups was used. The research sample included 30 students educable mentally retarded children, aged 7-10 years old, experimental group=15 and control group=15. The number of sessions in this study was 16 sessions for 45 minutes and the training program included rhythmic exercises with music. For evaluation of attention was used to Attention Test Toulouse-Pieron and for motor development was used to TGMD-3. In order to analyze the data was used the mixed ANOVA (2×2) at the significance level of 0.05 to examine the differences between the two groups in the pre-test and post-test. Results: The results of mixed analysis of variance showed that rhythmic exercise with music (experimental group) had positive and significant effects on cognitive development (P=.033) and motor development (P=.017) among educable mentally retarded children. Given these common mechanisms, rhythmic exercises with music may be useful for promoting the cognitive and motor development and this training period can have a positive effect on children with mental disabilities. Conclusion: These findings indicate that change of task (adding rhythmic music) is one of the factors affecting motor development and the factor of attention based on Newell's Model of constraints and Gallahue's hourglass model on mentally retarded children.

Keywords

Journal of Sport Management and Motor Behavior

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 19 June 2024

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