بررسی موانع مشارکت در فعالیت های بدنی و ورزش در معلولین استان کرمانشاه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود

2 آموزش پرورش

چکیده

فعالیت بدنی می تواند امید به زندگی را در معلولان افزایش دهد و باعث شادابی، ارتباط با دیگران، مشارکت در کارهای جمعی و جلوگیری از گوشه گیری و کسالت شود. هدف این پژوهش بررسی موانع مشارکت در فعالیت های بدنی و ورزش در معلولین استان کرمانشاه بود
روش کار: جامعه آماری پژوهش حاضر شامل کلیه معلولان استان کرمانشاه و نمونه پژوهش 379 نفر از این جامعه بودند که به روش نمونه گیری تصادفی خوشه‌ای چند مرحله‌ای انتخاب شدند. ابزار پژوهش پرسش نامه محقق ساخته (موانع مشارکت در فعالیت های بدنی برای افراد معلول ) بود. که روایی صوری و محتوایی(91/0= CVI ) آن به تایید پنج نفر از استادن استادان گروه مدیریت ورزشی رسید. برای بررسی پایایی پرسش نامه در مطالعه مقدماتی بر روی 30 نفر از افراد نمونه از ضریب آلفای کرونباخ استفاده شد. ضریب آلفای کرونباخ برای موانع فردی، ساختاری، فنی، اساسی و فرهنگی- اجتماعی بین 83/0 تا 93/0 به دست آمد. با توجه به این که ضرایب آلفای کرونباخ بزرگتر از مقدار استاندارد (70/0) بود؛ بنابراین، پرسش‌نامه از پایایی درونی خوبی برخوردار است. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌های با استفاده از نرم‌افزار SPSS نسخۀ 23 و LISREL نسخه 80/8 انجام شد.
یافته ها: یافته های حاصل از تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی منجر به شناسایی پنج عامل موانع فردی، ساختاری، فنی، اساسی، اجتماعی- فرهنگی گردید، یافته های حاصل از این تحقیق نشان داد که در بین این عوامل موانع فردی به عنوان مهمترین عامل(81/0x2 **58/11 T= )و موانع اجتماعی- فرهنگی به عنوان کم اهمیت ترین عامل(30/0x2 ****95/4T= ) در بین موانع را به خود اختصاص دادند.
نتیجه گیری: معلولان استان کرمانشاه بیشتر موانع را در ارتباط با موانع فردی می دانند. رویکرد حمایتی از معلولان در مشارکت آنان در فعالیت های بدنی باید همه جانبه باشد و فقط در ساختارهای فیزیکی و ارگونومیک خلاصه نشود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


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