اثربخشی تمرین چشم آرام بر رفتارخیرگی و عملکرددر موقعیت تحت فشار؛ مبتنی بر استحکام ذهنی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه خوارزمی تهران، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه رفتار حرکتی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران

10.22080/jsmb.2020.17219.3203

چکیده

مقدمه و هدف: مطالعه حاضر با هدف تعیین تاثیرپذیری تمرین بر رفتار خیرگی و عملکرد در موقعیت تحت فشار، مبتنی بر استحکام ذهنی می باشد. روش شناسی: بدین منظور از جامعه 16 نفره دروازه بانان لیگ هاکی تعداد 6 نفر واجد شرایط این پژوهش شدند. تحقیق شامل پیش آزمون، مداخله، پس آزمون و موقعیت تحت فشار بود. شرکت کنندگان در مراجل آزمون اقدام به دریافت 25 ضربه درگ فلیک هاکی از فاصله 9 متری نمودند. مداخله در سه روز متوالی(9 بلوک 40 کوششی که در مجموع 25 کوشش بود) انجام شد. شرکت کنندگان، پس از دریافت بازخورد ویدئویی از وضعیت چشم آرام خودشان و مقایسه همزمان آن با چشم آرام دروازه بان نخبه وارد زمین بازی می شدند و به تمرین دریافت ضربات با توجه به دستورالعمل های داده شده می پرداختند. داده ها به صورت تحلیل واریانس مرکب 3 (زمان اندازه گیری) × 2 (سطح استحکام ذهنی) برای بررسی مداخله بر رفتار خیرگی و عملکرد و آزمون تعقیبی بنفرونی تحلیل شدند. یافته ها: نتایج نشان داد که تمرین چشم آرام بر رفتار خیرگی و بهبود عملکرد هم در موقعیت عادی و هم در موقعیت تحت فشار تاثیر مثبتی داشته است ولی در بررسی های بین گروهی (استحکام ذهنی بالا و پایین) تفاوت معنی داری مشاهده نشد. نتیجه گیری: با توجه به نتایج به دست آمده از این تحقیق می توان اذعان داشت که تمرین بر رفتار خیرگی تاثیرگذار است و بهبود رفتار خیرگی منجر به عملکرد بهتر در شرایط عادی و تحت فشار می شود. استحکام ذهنی بالاتر بر عملکرد تاثیرگذار است و فردی که از استحکام ذهنی بالایی برخوردار است، تلاش می کند تا برای رسیدن به هدف، مسیر را به بهترین شکل تحت هر شرایطی طی کند. بنابراین ممکن است رفتار خیرگی بهینه، تحت تاثیر استحکام ذهنی بالا باشد و این نیازمند تحقیقات بیشتر است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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پژوهشنامه مدیریت ورزشی و رفتار حرکتی
دوره 19، شماره 37
فروردین 1402
صفحه 221-199

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