تاثیر فشار نظارت و نتیجه بر تصمیم گیری ورزشکاران تنیس روی میز: بازپردازش یا حواس‌پرتی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه رفتار حرکتی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تهران

2 عضو هیأت علمی / دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی دانشگاه تهران

3 دانشیار دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی دانشگاه تهران

4 استادیار دانشکده تربیت بدنی دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

ورزشکاران ممکن است تحت فشار ناشی از حضور دیگران (نظارت) و یا دستیابی به یک هدف ویژه یا جایزه (نتیجه) اجرایی پایین تر از حد معمول داشته باشند. هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی تاثیر فشارهای نظارت و نتیجه بر اجرای تکلیف شناختی تصمیم گیری در ورزشکاران ماهر تنیس روی میز بود. 30 ورزشکار ماهر در این پژوهش نیمه تجربی که به روش درون گروهی اجرا شد شرکت و تکلیف تصمیم گیری شبیه سازی شدۀ تنیس روی میز را در یک بلوک 15 کوششی کم فشار و 2 بلوک 15 کوششی فشار نظارت و نتیجه در دو روز متفاوت اجرا کردند. شرکت کننده ها تکلیف را به روش اکتشافی انتخاب اول اجرا کردند. برای اندازه گیری سطح اضطراب رقابتی تحت فشار از پرسشنامه اضطراب حالتی رقابتی 2 و برای اندازه گیری تمایل شرکت کننده ها به رفتار خودتمرکزی از پرسشنامه بازپردازش ویژه تصمیم استفاده شد. نتایج تحلیل واریانس با اندازه گیری مکرر نشان داد تحت هر دو شرایط پر فشار اجرای تکلیف تصمیم گیری کاهش یافت (05/0 ≥ p). نتایج تحلیل رگرسیون نشان داد تمایل به بازپردازش نتوانست تغییرات تصمیم گیری تحت فشار را پیش بینی کند. نتایج از مکانیسم حواس پرتی تحت فشار حمایت کرد. به نظر می رسد رویکرد حواس پرتی توصیف مناسب تری از مکانیسم اختلال اجرا تحت فشار فراهم می کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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پژوهشنامه مدیریت ورزشی و رفتار حرکتی
دوره 19، شماره 37
فروردین 1402
صفحه 42-23

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